华为RIP与BFD联动实验
双向转发检测bfd是一种用于检测邻居路由之间链路故障的检测机制，他通常与路由协议联动，通过快速感知链路故障并通告使得路由协议能够快速的重新收敛，从而减少由于拓扑变化导致的流量丢失。
查看邻居建立关系
[r1]dis rip 1 neighbor --------------------------------------------------------------------- ip address interface type last-heard-time--------------------------------------------------------------------- 192.168.1.1 gigabitethernet0/0/1 rip 015 number of rip routes : 2 192.168.2.1 gigabitethernet0/0/2 rip 013 number of rip routes : 1 查看路由表，发现去往172.16.1.0/24下一跳是 192.168.1.1 接口是g0/0/1
[r1]dis ip routing-table route flags: r - relay, d - download to fib------------------------------------------------------------------------------routing tables: public destinations : 12 routes : 13 destination/mask proto pre cost flags nexthop interface 127.0.0.0/8 direct 0 0 d 127.0.0.1 inloopback0 127.0.0.1/32 direct 0 0 d 127.0.0.1 inloopback0127.255.255.255/32 direct 0 0 d 127.0.0.1 inloopback0 172.16.1.0/24 rip 100 1 d 192.168.1.1 gigabitethernet0/0/1 192.168.1.0/24 direct 0 0 d 192.168.1.2 gigabitethernet0/0/1 192.168.1.2/32 direct 0 0 d 127.0.0.1 gigabitethernet0/0/1 192.168.1.255/32 direct 0 0 d 127.0.0.1 gigabitethernet0/0/1 192.168.2.0/24 direct 0 0 d 192.168.2.2 gigabitethernet0/0/2 192.168.2.2/32 direct 0 0 d 127.0.0.1 gigabitethernet0/0/2 192.168.2.255/32 direct 0 0 d 127.0.0.1 gigabitethernet0/0/2 192.168.3.0/24 rip 100 1 d 192.168.2.1 gigabitethernet0/0/2 rip 100 1 d 192.168.1.1 gigabitethernet0/0/1255.255.255.255/32 direct 0 0 d 127.0.0.1 inloopback0 r1启用bfd
[r1]bfd[r1-bfd]quit[r1]rip 1[r1-rip-1]bfd all[r1-rip-1]bfd all-interfaces enable[r1-rip-1]bfd all-interfaces min-rx-interval 100 min-tx-interval 100 detect-multiplier 10[r1-rip-1]quit r2启用bfd
[r2]bfd[r2-bfd]quit[r2]rip 1[r2-rip-1]bfd all[r2-rip-1]bfd all-interfaces enable[r2-rip-1]bfd all-interfaces min-rx-interval 100 min-tx-interval 100 detect-multiplier 10[r2-rip-1]quit 查看bfd，发现r1与r2已经建立成功
[r1]dis rip 1 bfd session all localip :192.168.1.2 remoteip :192.168.1.1 bfdstate :up tx :100 rx :100 multiplier:10 bfd local dis :8192 interface :gigabitethernet0/0/1 diagnostic info:no diagnostic information localip :192.168.2.2 remoteip :192.168.2.1 bfdstate :down tx :13999 rx :13999 multiplier:0 bfd local dis :8193 interface :gigabitethernet0/0/2 diagnostic info:no diagnostic information 手动关闭r2上面连接r1的接口，再次查看bfd发现不存在了
[r1]dis rip 1 bfd session all localip :192.168.2.2 remoteip :192.168.2.1 bfdstate :down tx :13999 rx :13999 multiplier:0 bfd local dis :8193 interface :gigabitethernet0/0/2 diagnostic info:no diagnostic information 再次查看路由表，发现去往172.16.1.0/24的下一跳更改了
[r1]dis ip routing-table route flags: r - relay, d - download to fib------------------------------------------------------------------------------routing tables: public destinations : 9 routes : 9 destination/mask proto pre cost flags nexthop interface 127.0.0.0/8 direct 0 0 d 127.0.0.1 inloopback0 127.0.0.1/32 direct 0 0 d 127.0.0.1 inloopback0127.255.255.255/32 direct 0 0 d 127.0.0.1 inloopback0 172.16.1.0/24 rip 100 2 d 192.168.2.1 gigabitethernet0/0/2 192.168.2.0/24 direct 0 0 d 192.168.2.2 gigabitethernet0/0/2 192.168.2.2/32 direct 0 0 d 127.0.0.1 gigabitethernet0/0/2 192.168.2.255/32 direct 0 0 d 127.0.0.1 gigabitethernet0/0/2 192.168.3.0/24 rip 100 1 d 192.168.2.1 gigabitethernet0/0/2255.255.255.255/32 direct 0 0 d 127.0.0.1 inloopback0
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查看邻居建立关系
[r1]dis rip 1 neighbor --------------------------------------------------------------------- ip address interface type last-heard-time--------------------------------------------------------------------- 192.168.1.1 gigabitethernet0/0/1 rip 015 number of rip routes : 2 192.168.2.1 gigabitethernet0/0/2 rip 013 number of rip routes : 1 查看路由表，发现去往172.16.1.0/24下一跳是 192.168.1.1 接口是g0/0/1
[r1]dis ip routing-table route flags: r - relay, d - download to fib------------------------------------------------------------------------------routing tables: public destinations : 12 routes : 13 destination/mask proto pre cost flags nexthop interface 127.0.0.0/8 direct 0 0 d 127.0.0.1 inloopback0 127.0.0.1/32 direct 0 0 d 127.0.0.1 inloopback0127.255.255.255/32 direct 0 0 d 127.0.0.1 inloopback0 172.16.1.0/24 rip 100 1 d 192.168.1.1 gigabitethernet0/0/1 192.168.1.0/24 direct 0 0 d 192.168.1.2 gigabitethernet0/0/1 192.168.1.2/32 direct 0 0 d 127.0.0.1 gigabitethernet0/0/1 192.168.1.255/32 direct 0 0 d 127.0.0.1 gigabitethernet0/0/1 192.168.2.0/24 direct 0 0 d 192.168.2.2 gigabitethernet0/0/2 192.168.2.2/32 direct 0 0 d 127.0.0.1 gigabitethernet0/0/2 192.168.2.255/32 direct 0 0 d 127.0.0.1 gigabitethernet0/0/2 192.168.3.0/24 rip 100 1 d 192.168.2.1 gigabitethernet0/0/2 rip 100 1 d 192.168.1.1 gigabitethernet0/0/1255.255.255.255/32 direct 0 0 d 127.0.0.1 inloopback0 r1启用bfd
[r1]bfd[r1-bfd]quit[r1]rip 1[r1-rip-1]bfd all[r1-rip-1]bfd all-interfaces enable[r1-rip-1]bfd all-interfaces min-rx-interval 100 min-tx-interval 100 detect-multiplier 10[r1-rip-1]quit r2启用bfd
[r2]bfd[r2-bfd]quit[r2]rip 1[r2-rip-1]bfd all[r2-rip-1]bfd all-interfaces enable[r2-rip-1]bfd all-interfaces min-rx-interval 100 min-tx-interval 100 detect-multiplier 10[r2-rip-1]quit 查看bfd，发现r1与r2已经建立成功
[r1]dis rip 1 bfd session all localip :192.168.1.2 remoteip :192.168.1.1 bfdstate :up tx :100 rx :100 multiplier:10 bfd local dis :8192 interface :gigabitethernet0/0/1 diagnostic info:no diagnostic information localip :192.168.2.2 remoteip :192.168.2.1 bfdstate :down tx :13999 rx :13999 multiplier:0 bfd local dis :8193 interface :gigabitethernet0/0/2 diagnostic info:no diagnostic information 手动关闭r2上面连接r1的接口，再次查看bfd发现不存在了
[r1]dis rip 1 bfd session all localip :192.168.2.2 remoteip :192.168.2.1 bfdstate :down tx :13999 rx :13999 multiplier:0 bfd local dis :8193 interface :gigabitethernet0/0/2 diagnostic info:no diagnostic information 再次查看路由表，发现去往172.16.1.0/24的下一跳更改了
[r1]dis ip routing-table route flags: r - relay, d - download to fib------------------------------------------------------------------------------routing tables: public destinations : 9 routes : 9 destination/mask proto pre cost flags nexthop interface 127.0.0.0/8 direct 0 0 d 127.0.0.1 inloopback0 127.0.0.1/32 direct 0 0 d 127.0.0.1 inloopback0127.255.255.255/32 direct 0 0 d 127.0.0.1 inloopback0 172.16.1.0/24 rip 100 2 d 192.168.2.1 gigabitethernet0/0/2 192.168.2.0/24 direct 0 0 d 192.168.2.2 gigabitethernet0/0/2 192.168.2.2/32 direct 0 0 d 127.0.0.1 gigabitethernet0/0/2 192.168.2.255/32 direct 0 0 d 127.0.0.1 gigabitethernet0/0/2 192.168.3.0/24 rip 100 1 d 192.168.2.1 gigabitethernet0/0/2255.255.255.255/32 direct 0 0 d 127.0.0.1 inloopback0
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